Laparoscopic Gynecology
What is Laparoscopic Gynaecology?
Laparoscopic gynaecology is a minimally invasive procedure used to examine the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. Using a thin, lighted tube called a laparoscope, doctors can diagnose and treat a variety of gynecological conditions.
It helps identify issues like endometriosis or fibroids, and can also treat problems such as ovarian cysts, tubal ligation, and hysterectomy.
Why is it Performed?
Laparoscopy serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Some reasons for performing a diagnostic laparoscopy include:
- Persistent pelvic pain
- Unexplained infertility
- Previous pelvic infections
Laparoscopy can help diagnose the following conditions:
- Endometriosis
- Uterine tumors
- Ovarian cysts or tumors
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Pelvic abscesses
- Scar tissue (adhesions)
- Infertility
- Pelvic inflammation
Laparoscopy can also treat conditions through procedures like:
- Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus)
- Oophorectomy (removal of ovaries)
- Ovarian cyst removal
- Uterine fibroid removal
- Endometrial tissue ablation
- Reversing tubal ligation
- Treatment for incontinence or a prolapsed uterus
How to Prepare for a Laparoscopic Gynaecology Procedure?
Preparation varies depending on the procedure. Your doctor may advise fasting, imaging tests, or stopping certain medications. It’s important to inform your doctor about any medications, including over-the-counter ones.
Laparoscopic gynaecology is typically done under general anesthesia. You’ll receive instructions on when to stop eating and drinking, generally about six hours before the procedure. You’ll also be asked to refrain from drinking clear liquids two hours prior.
A nurse will test your urine to ensure there are no conditions, like pregnancy, that could affect the procedure. Your doctor or nurse will explain the process, including any potential discomfort, and you’ll need to sign a consent form.
What Happens During the Procedure?
A typical diagnostic laparoscopy lasts between 30 minutes and an hour. If treatment is required, the procedure may take longer. The doctor will make small incisions in the abdomen, usually near the belly button.
Carbon dioxide gas is used to inflate the abdomen, improving visibility. A laparoscope is inserted, allowing the doctor to view internal organs on a monitor. Additional tools may be inserted for tissue samples or treatment. Afterward, the incisions are closed with stitches or glue.
Results and Recovery Process
After the procedure, you’ll be monitored in a recovery room until the anesthesia wears off. You may not be allowed to leave until you can urinate. Some discomfort around the belly button and bruising is common, and you may feel pain in the chest or shoulders due to the gas used during the procedure.
Recovery time varies. Some people can go home a few hours later, while others may stay overnight in the hospital. Mild nausea is also possible for the rest of the day. The recovery process generally depends on the complexity of the surgery performed.